Which type of hybridization involves the mixing of two s orbitals and two p orbitals?

The type of hybridization that involves the mixing of two s orbitals and two p orbitals is sp2 hybridization. In sp2 hybridization, one s orbital combines with two p orbitals from the same energy level to form three equivalent sp2 hybrid orbitals. This results in a trigonal planar geometry with bond angles of approximately 120 degrees.

This hybridization is commonly seen in molecules such as ethylene (C2H4), where each carbon atom has three sp2 hybrid orbitals involved in bonding—two of which form sigma bonds with other atoms, while one is used for pi bonding. The remaining unhybridized p orbital on each carbon overlaps to create the double bond characteristic of these types of molecules.

Understanding hybridization is essential in predicting molecular geometry and the types of bonds formed, which are crucial concepts in both organic and inorganic chemistry.