Which of the following identifies the three states of matter?

The correct identification of the three primary states of matter is solid, liquid, and gas. These states are characterized by distinct physical properties. Solids have a definite shape and volume due to tightly packed particles that are fixed in position. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container; the particles are close together but can move past one another. Gases have neither a definite shape nor volume, allowing them to expand and fill their container, with particles that are far apart and move freely.

While the other options mention various states or forms of matter, they do not accurately represent the three fundamental states recognized in classical physics. Plasma, for instance, is indeed a state of matter but is considered a fourth state that occurs under specific conditions, such as at high temperatures or in electric fields. The terms vapor and gel might describe particular phases under certain circumstances, but they do not encompass the basic states of matter.