Which of the following compounds is known as baking soda?

The compound commonly known as baking soda is sodium bicarbonate, which has the chemical formula NaHCO3. This substance is widely used in baking as a leavening agent. When mixed with acidic ingredients, sodium bicarbonate reacts to produce carbon dioxide gas, which helps dough rise and become light and fluffy.

Sodium bicarbonate's versatility extends beyond baking; it is also used for purposes such as gentle cleaning, neutralizing odors, and even acting as an antacid for relieving heartburn and indigestion. Its mild alkaline nature allows it to effectively react with acids, making it an essential ingredient in various recipes and household applications.

Understanding the properties and uses of sodium bicarbonate underscores why it is properly identified as baking soda, distinguishing it from other compounds such as sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, and potassium bicarbonate, which serve different functions and lack the same characteristics associated with baking.